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Pelvic Floor Dysfunction


定义

Pelvic floor dysfunction is when the pelvic floor muscles do not relax when urinating or passing stool. These muscles support the bladder, bowels, and 性器官.

原因

The exact cause is not known, but may be due to:

  • Trauma from an accident
  • Childbirth, especially with an episiotomy
  • 心理健康问题
  • Nerve or muscle problems
女性盆腔器官
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风险因素

Things that may raise the risk of this problem are:

  • Childbirth—the risk increases with each birth
  • 肥胖 —causes extra strain on muscles
  • 过去的盆腔手术
  • 过去的放射治疗

症状

问题可能是:

  • An urgent or frequent need to pass urine
  • Pain when passing urine
  • Problems passing stool (poop), such as, straining or pain
  • 腰部疼痛
  • 盆腔痛
  • Pain during sex (in women)

诊断

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done.

Pelvic floor muscle control may be tested. 这可以用:

  • Electrodes on the area between the vagina and rectum
  • A device placed in the vagina or rectum to measure pelvic floor muscle strength
  • x射线 of the bowel during a bowel movement
  • A urine flow test to measure the speed and force of urine

治疗

The goal of treatment is to relax the pelvic floor muscles. 的选择是:

  • Biofeedback to help train the muscles
  • Physical therapy to learn how to relax and coordinate the muscles
  • Relaxation methods to ease stress
  • Medicines, such as muscle relaxants

预防

The risk of this problem may be lowered by maintaining a healthy weight. This will ease stress on pelvic floor muscles.

参考文献

  • American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) and American Urogynecologic Society (AUGS). ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 185: Pelvic Organ Prolapse. 比较。Gynecol. 2017 Nov;130(5):e234-e250.
  • 盆底疾病. The University of Chicago Medicine 网站. 可以在: http://www.uchicagomedicine.org/conditions-services/pelvic-health/pelvic-floor-disorders.
  • Pelvic floor dysfunction. Cleveland Clinic 网站. 可以在: http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14459-pelvic-floor-dysfunction.
  • Pelvic floor dysfunction. Interstitial Cystitis Association 网站. 可以在: http://www.ichelp.org/about-ic/associated-conditions/pelvic-floor-dysfunction.
  • Pelvic floor dysfunction expanded version. 美国社会 of 结肠 and Rectal Surgeons 网站. 可以在: http://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/pelvic-floor-dysfunction-expanded-version.
  • 盆腔器官脱垂. EBSCO DynaMed网站. 可以在: http://www.力学.com/condition/pelvic-organ-prolapse.
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